This is the 1st lesson in the Theories of Language, Learning, and Teaching continuing education certificate. This lesson links theory to English Language Learners (ELLs) student experience in order to understand the challenges of learning a second language, and then apply effective instructional practices. You will explore the reality of ELL students in their schools and communities and reflect on your perspectives to critically evaluate factors behind the successes and failures of ELLs. There are two books required for this lesson: 1. Making Content Comprehensible for English Language Learners: The Siop Model by Jana Echevarria, MaryEllen Vogt, & Deborah Short 2. Between Worlds: Access to Second Language Acquisition by David E. Freeman & Yvonne S. Freeman